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KMID : 1135520110070010167
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Korean Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation
2011 Volume.7 No. 1 p.167 ~ p.176
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The Effects of Varying Speeds during Backwards Gait on Lower Extremity Muscle Activity and Joint Forces
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Kim Suk-Bum
Park Que-Tae
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Abstract
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the backwards gait on the extremities lower muscle activity and the joint forces. 9 male university students walked forwards and backwards at the three selected speeds, 0.7m/s, 1,3m/s and 2m/s. During these conditions kinetics, kinematics and EMG were recorded. 2 way ANOVA for repeated measure, 1 way ANOVA for repeated measure and paired t tests were calculated with SPSS. From the EMG data there was a difference between the EMG for the soleus during first phase but it was not statistically significant. Whereas for the second phase there were statistically significantly larger EMG activity levels for the backwards walking according to an increase in speed. There was no significant difference in the medial gastrocnemius muscle. As the speed increased the activity for the biceps femoris increased significantly, but there was a significant difference only during the second phase. Also, for the rectus femoris, there was an increase in activity according to the speed, but there were no statistically significant differences. For the lateral gastrocnemius muscle there was a significant difference during the first phase. For the tibialis anterior muscle there was a significant difference during both the first and second phase. There was a significantly higher joint forces recorded at the ankle, knee and hip at event 2. In conclusion, there was a significant difference in the EMG activity recorded for the lower extremities which increased according to the increase in gait speed for both forward and backward walking. It was also found that the joint forces are minimized except for the landing phase during the backward gait.
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KEYWORD
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Gait, backwards walking, Joint forces, EMG
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